Grade 8 History Quiz: Term 2 Revision Challenge

Revision Quiz

Why were children useful in coal mines?

They had more physical strength than adults They could be paid more than adults They were small enough to fit into narrow tunnels They were legally required to work

Why did many child miners end up crippled?

Lack of proper meals at home Injuries from military training Diseases caught from other children Harsh working conditions and physical strain

How were workers in factories and mines treated before trade unions developed?

They were given regular bonuses They were well-protected by health laws They worked long hours in dangerous conditions They were allowed paid holidays

What does the term “urbanisation” refer to?

People buying more land in the countryside Growth of farming communities Movement of people from cities to farms Movement of people to cities, often leading to overcrowding

Which of the following is a negative effect of urbanisation during the Industrial Revolution?

Free education for all children Availability of factory jobs Improved public transport Overcrowded housing and poor living conditions

What did resistance movements like the Luddites and Swing Riots aim to oppose?

Factory owners' support of workers Use of child labour in schools Machines that threatened workers' jobs The development of railways

Why were some workers afraid to join trade unions?

They didn’t want better pay Unions charged too much to join Joining a union could lead to being fired or arrested Trade unions were only for women

What were the Tolpuddle Martyrs known for?

Discovering a new coal mine Resisting urbanisation Forming a trade union Starting the Luddites

Which two regions were Boer republics?

Cape Colony and Natal Transvaal and Orange Free State Zambia and Zimbabwe Swaziland and Basutoland

When did the British recognise Boer independence?

1830s 1852 and 1854 1900 1910

From which country were most people in the Boer republics originally descended?

France Germany Netherlands England

Which area was ideal for growing sugar in the 1850s?

Orange Free State Natal Transvaal Lesotho

Why was there a high demand for sugar in Britain during the Industrial Revolution?

It was used as medicine More people wanted tea and sweet products It was used to clean machines Doctors recommended sugar for health

Why were many indentured workers on sugar farms Indian?

Indians migrated on their own British recruited them under labour contracts They escaped slavery in India Indian labour was free

How did Indian indentured workers come to be in South Africa?

They were hired by Dutch settlers They came to escape British rule They were brought by the British under contracts for sugar farming They moved to join diamond mining

What is the main difference between gemstone diamonds and industrial diamonds?

Gemstones are used in jewellery, industrial ones for tools Industrial diamonds are always red Gemstones are found only in rivers Industrial diamonds are softer

What advantage did De Beers gain from having a monopoly on diamonds?

They could hire more workers They controlled prices and limited competition They avoided paying taxes They sold directly to farmers

Why was gold considered valuable and used as a world currency?

It was easy to eat It never rusted and had universal value It was more common than silver It could be used to make coal

How did mining agents deceive rural workers?

By paying them in land By offering them free houses By promising high wages and good conditions that were never provided By giving them shares in mines

What does this deception by agents show about mining companies?

They followed fair hiring practices They were trying to help rural communities They knew working conditions were bad and tried to hide it They only hired local people

What was the Chamber of Mines?

A trade union for African miners A church organisation in Johannesburg An organisation of mine owners to control costs and labour A school for mining engineers

What was the Chamber of Mines’ main aim?

To help rural farmers To reduce black workers’ wages and increase profits To train more engineers To build more mines

When was the African Political Organisation (APO) formed and why?

1902, to protest white-only voting 1912, to promote farming 1894, to support gold miners 1910, to oppose mining laws

What was the main cause of the Bambatha Rebellion in 1906?

High food prices The introduction of mining taxes Anger over land loss and the poll tax Disagreements between tribal leaders

How did the Satyagraha Campaign resist unfair laws?

Through armed rebellion By boycotting gold mines By peaceful protest and refusing to obey unjust laws By building schools

What impact did the 1913 Land Act have on black South Africans?

It allowed them to buy land freely It gave them equal land rights It restricted them to 13% of land and caused long-term poverty It forced them to mine gold

Why did Britain seek to expand its control over land in southern Africa in the late 1800s?

To grow more sugar for export To gain access to mineral wealth and control trade routes To spread Christianity and build schools To develop tourism

What was one major reason for the conflict between the British and African kingdoms?

Disputes over voting rights Competition for gold mining shares Resistance to British land and labour policies A desire to share agricultural tools

What strategy did the British use to take land from African societies?

Buying land from tribal leaders Peaceful negotiations Defeating African kingdoms through military force Encouraging African farmers to relocate voluntarily

When did the British defeat the Xhosa kingdom?

1860 1878 1886 1910

In what year did the British defeat the Zulu kingdom?

1876 1879 1884 1902

Which African kingdom was also defeated in 1879 alongside the Zulu?

Tswana Sotho Pedi Venda

What happened to African land ownership after these defeats?

Africans were allowed to keep most of their land Africans gained more rights to own land Land was taken from Africans and given to white settlers African kingdoms were granted independence

What was a social effect of the British defeats of African kingdoms?

Greater independence for African communities Growth in African-led schools and institutions Breakdown of traditional leadership and forced labour Improved healthcare for rural Africans

How did these land defeats contribute to apartheid in the future?

They strengthened African political unity They created equal land-sharing systems They laid the foundation for racial land segregation They removed all racial boundaries

Which of the following best summarises British land expansion in South Africa?

A process of voluntary cooperation with African leaders A peaceful negotiation involving all racial groups A forced takeover through military conquest and laws An agreement between Britain and the Dutch